Chile (NTSyCS) ride-through requirements
Low-voltage ride-through, High-voltage ride-through for Chile. Every breakpoint below is read from the code itself, and carries the clause it came from — so you can check it, not just cite it.
What is the low-voltage ride-through envelope for Chile (NTSyCS)?
The plant must ride through for any voltage that stays on or above this envelope. The envelope holds 0 pu from t = 0 to 140 ms; then ramps linearly from 0 pu at 140 ms to 0.8 pu at 1 s; then 0.8 pu from 1 s onward — the last band the envelope defines, with no stated end time.
The clause states this boundary as a line; intermediate points are interpolated between its stated vertices.
Applies to Converter-based plants (GFM + GFL) connecting to the SEN
| From | To | Voltage | Between the points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 140 ms | 0 pu | Held flat |
| 140 ms | 1 s | 0 → 0.8 pu | Ramps linearly |
| 1 s | no stated end | 0.8 pu | Held flat |
The clause this came from
CNE Anexo Tecnico 'Exigencias Minimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores que se Conecten al SEN' (Res. Ex. 45, 28-01-2026), Art. 3-1(i) + Figura 1 (IBR GFM) and Art. 4-1(b) + Figura 2 (IBR GFL): T0 = 0 ms, T1 = max fault-clearing time per Art. 5-40 NTSyCS, T2 = T1 + 20 ms, T3 = 1000 ms, recovery boundary 0.80 pu. NTSyCS Art. 5-40: 120 ms for >= 200 kV, 400 ms for < 200 kV. Same shape as the superseded NTSyCS Art. 3-7. The code defines a linear recovery ramp; the vertices are read from the clause and the chart draws the segment between them.
What is the high-voltage ride-through envelope for Chile (NTSyCS)?
The plant must ride through for any voltage that stays on or below this envelope. The envelope holds 1.2 pu from t = 0 to 1 s; then 1.1 pu from 1 s onward — the last band the envelope defines, with no stated end time.
Every breakpoint is stated in the clause cited below.
Applies to Converter-based plants (GFM + GFL) connecting to the SEN
| From | To | Voltage | Between the points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 s | 1.2 pu | Held flat |
| 1 s | no stated end | 1.1 pu | Held flat |
The clause this came from
CNE Anexo Tecnico IBR (Res. Ex. 45, 28-01-2026), Art. 3-1(i) for IBR GFM and Art. 4-1(b) for IBR GFL: 'En caso de sobretensiones mayores a 1,1 y menores o iguales a 1,2 por unidad, la IBR ... debera operar de manera continua e ininterrumpida durante al menos 1 segundo.'.
Operating requirements beyond the envelopes.
The envelopes above are what Chile (NTSyCS) demands during a disturbance. The rows below are the same regime’s operating and fault-response requirements — reactive capability, frequency response, continuous operating range, ramp rate, RoCoF withstand and fault-current injection — each researched from the document its own row cites, separately from the plotted corpus. Every row carries its clause and a verbatim quote, so you can check it the same way.
| Requirement | What the code states | Clause |
|---|---|---|
| P-Q capability — converter-based units and BESS/CRCA storage (±0,3122 pu) Reactive capability | Minimum reactive capability ±0.3122 pu, defined as the reactive power at 95% of nominal active power and power factor 0.95, delivering and absorbing; converter-based generating units follow the general (blue-curve) P-Q figure at the Punto de Conexión al ST, and energy-storage systems or the storage component of a CRCA have their own P-Q figure at the Punto de Conexión al SI spanning charge and discharge (P from −1.0 to +1.0 pu) Binds Unidades Generadoras Basadas en Convertidores and — expressly — Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía or the storage component of a CRCA (Central Renovable con Capacidad de Almacenamiento), operating permanently within the Estado Normal voltage range. The Enero 2026 edition replaced the earlier wind-park and PV-park P-Q polygons with these converter-class figures; a red curve applies exclusively to type-3 (doubly-fed) wind generators. The envelopes themselves are drawn as figures; the ±0,3122 pu minimum is stated in the article text quoted here. | Artículo 3-9 |
The clause this row citesArtículo 3-9 — “ En cuanto a los Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía o la componente de almacenamiento de una CRCA, el diseño deberá asegurar que éstas sean capaces de operar en forma permanente entregando o absorbiendo reactivos en el Punto de Conexión al SI, para tensiones dentro del rango de Estado Normal, conforma a la figura a continuación: … El aporte mínimo de potencia reactiva máxima y mínima que deben ser capaces de entregar o absorber las Unidades Generadoras Basadas en Convertidores y los Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía o la componente de almacenamiento de una CRCA, se definen considerando una inyección del 95% de la potencia activa nominal operando con un factor de potencia de 0,95, lo que se traduce en aportes mínimos para la potencia reactiva de ±0,3122 pu. ” Translation: “ As for Energy Storage Systems or the storage component of a CRCA, the design shall ensure that they are capable of operating permanently delivering or absorbing reactive power at the Point of Connection to the SI, for voltages within the Normal State range, in accordance with [sic] the figure below: … The minimum contribution of maximum and minimum reactive power that the Converter-Based Generating Units and the Energy Storage Systems or the storage component of a CRCA must be capable of delivering or absorbing is defined considering an injection of 95% of the nominal active power operating at a power factor of 0.95, which translates into minimum reactive-power contributions of ±0.3122 pu. ” (Norma Técnica de Seguridad y Calidad de Servicio, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-10) | ||
| Load/speed controller — synchronous units (droop, deadband) Frequency response | Permanent droop adjustable on-load: 0% to 8% for hydraulic units, 4% to 8% for other synchronous units; deadband below 0.1% of nominal frequency, i.e. ±25 mHz; initial delay < 2 s; settling time <= 30 s (thermal) / 120 s (hydro) Binds the Controlador de Carga/Velocidad of every synchronous generating unit interconnected to the SI; included for contrast with the converter-plant frequency/power controller requirements, which the Enero 2026 restructuring moved to the AT-IBR annex (see the IBR GFL row on this page). The initial-delay and settling-time figures are stated in letras c) and d) of the same article but are not carried in the quoted text. | Artículo 3-17 |
The clause this row citesArtículo 3-17 — “ a) Estatismo Permanente con rango ajustable durante la operación de la unidad con carga, con excepción de las unidades impulsadas por turbinas de vapor, las cuales podrán requerir detener la máquina primaria para modificar el valor del estatismo. Los rangos de ajustes serán: I. Para unidades hidráulicas: de 0% a 8%. II. Otras unidades sincrónicas: de 4% a 8%. b) Banda muerta inferior a 0,1% del valor nominal de frecuencia, es decir, ± 25 [mHz]. ” Translation: “ a) Permanent droop with a range adjustable while the unit operates on load, except for units driven by steam turbines, which may require stopping the prime mover to change the droop value. The adjustment ranges shall be: I. For hydraulic units: 0% to 8%. II. Other synchronous units: 4% to 8%. b) Deadband below 0.1% of the nominal frequency value, i.e. ± 25 [mHz]. ” (Norma Técnica de Seguridad y Calidad de Servicio, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-10) | ||
| Frequency/power controller — IBR GFL (AT-IBR) Frequency response | Permanent droop (Estatismo Permanente) adjustable within 2% to 5%; deadband ≤ ±30 mHz; reaction time < 1 s, rise time < 4 s, settling time < 10 s and settling band < ±10%, all measured at the Punto de Conexión al SI Binds grid-following IBR (Las IBR GFL) connected to the SI, under the AT-IBR annex approved with the Enero 2026 edition (Resolución Exenta CNE N°45, 28 Jan 2026); grid-forming IBR carry the same 2–5% droop and ≤ ±30 mHz deadband under the annex’s Artículo 3-6 with a tighter settling band. The earlier NTSyCS Artículo 3-17 wind/PV-park controller (droop 2–8%, deadband ±200 mHz, initial delay < 2 s, 55%-per-Hz over-frequency gradient) does not appear in the Enero 2026 texts — this article supersedes it for converter plant. | AT-IBR, Artículo 4-7 (Controlador de Frecuencia/Potencia) |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Artículo 4-7 (Controlador de Frecuencia/Potencia) — “ Las IBR GFL que operen conectadas al SI deberán disponer de un Controlador de Frecuencia/Potencia, el cual deberá cumplir con, al menos, los siguientes requisitos mínimos: a) El Tiempo de Reacción deberá ser inferior a 1 segundo, medido en el Punto de Conexión al SI. … b) El Tiempo de Crecimiento deberá ser inferior a 4 segundos, medido en el Punto de Conexión al SI. c) El Tiempo de Establecimiento deberá ser inferior a 10 segundos, medido en el Punto de Conexión al SI. d) La Banda de Establecimiento deberá ser inferior a ±10%, medida en el Punto de Conexión al SI. e) El Estatismo Permanente deberá ser ajustable dentro del rango del 2% al 5%. f) La banda muerta deberá ser menor o igual a ±30 [mHz]. ” Translation: “ IBR GFL operating connected to the SI shall have a Frequency/Power Controller, which shall comply with, at least, the following minimum requirements: a) The Reaction Time shall be less than 1 second, measured at the Point of Connection to the SI. … b) The Rise Time shall be less than 4 seconds, measured at the Point of Connection to the SI. c) The Settling Time shall be less than 10 seconds, measured at the Point of Connection to the SI. d) The Settling Band shall be less than ±10%, measured at the Point of Connection to the SI. e) The Permanent Droop shall be adjustable within the range of 2% to 5%. f) The dead band shall be less than or equal to ±30 [mHz]. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-10) | ||
| Frequency bands with minimum operating times (ESS column) Continuous operating range | ESS column of the Artículo 3-10 table: 'Permanente' (continuous) for 49,0–50,0 Hz and 50,0–51,0 Hz, i.e. 49,0–51,0 Hz continuous; ≥90 minutes for 48,0–49,0 Hz and 51,0–51,5 Hz; ≥30 minutes for 47,5–48,0 Hz; optional disconnection ('Desconex. opcional') for 47,0–47,5 Hz and 51,5–52,0 Hz; forced disconnection ('Desconex. forzada') for 52,0–53,0 Hz Binds every generating unit and every Sistema de Almacenamiento de Energía connected to the SI — storage is bound explicitly: the table carries a dedicated 'Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía' column, and the article names ESS in its operative sentence. Times are minimum operating times ('Tiempo Mínimo de Operación'), after which disconnection is optional unless the Coordinador orders forced disconnection; the Coordinador determines the specific settings, and manufacturers able to exceed the minimum times must inform the Coordinador. These times are independent of the system-frequency excursion times of Artículo 5-25. Provenance: the band figures are read from the ESS column of the Artículo 3-10 table, whose intervals are (lower, upper] — 'Límite Inferior (mayor que)' / 'Límite Superior (menor o igual que)'. | NTSyCS (Enero 2026), Capítulo 3, Artículo 3-10 and its frequency table (columns 'Límite Inferior (mayor que)' / 'Límite Superior (menor o igual que)'), Página 40–41 de 150 |
The clause this row citesNTSyCS (Enero 2026), Capítulo 3, Artículo 3-10 and its frequency table (columns 'Límite Inferior (mayor que)' / 'Límite Superior (menor o igual que)'), Página 40–41 de 150 — “ Toda unidad generadora o Sistema de Almacenamiento de Energía deberá continuar operando en forma estable conectada al SI y entregando potencia activa bajo la acción de su Controlador de Carga/Velocidad o de Frecuencia/Potencia para variaciones de la frecuencia dentro de los límites de operación por sobre y subfrecuencia y, al menos, durante los tiempos que se indican en la siguiente tabla, tras los cuales podrá opcionalmente desconectarse (salvo en los casos en que el Coordinador exija la desconexión forzada): ” Translation: “ Every generating unit or Energy Storage System shall continue operating stably connected to the SI and delivering active power under the action of its Load/Speed or Frequency/Power Controller for frequency variations within the over- and under-frequency operating limits and, at least, for the times indicated in the following table, after which it may optionally disconnect (except in cases where the Coordinator requires forced disconnection): ” (Norma Técnica de Seguridad y Calidad de Servicio, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-09) | ||
| Continuous voltage window 0,95–1,05 pu with 49,0–51,0 Hz Continuous operating range | Stable permanent operation across 49,0–51,0 Hz for voltages 0,95–1,05 per unit of nominal voltage, measured at the Punto de Conexión al SI for converter-based generating units and Energy Storage Systems (at generator terminals for synchronous units), at any power level Binds generating units and Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía (storage bound explicitly by name) for the application of Artículo 3-10. Measurement point: generator terminals for synchronous units; Punto de Conexión al SI for converter-based units and ESS. Same article also requires (letra b) limiting the active-power reduction to no more than 10% of the Estado Normal delivery for frequencies stabilised in the range 47,5–49,5 Hz, and (letra c) withstanding frequency changes up to 2 Hz/s measured over 500 ms (quoted in full in the RoCoF ride-through row on this page). The letra b) active-power-reduction limit and its 47,5–49,5 Hz range are cited from the same Artículo 3-11 but are not carried in the quoted text. | NTSyCS (Enero 2026), Capítulo 3, Artículo 3-11, letra a), Página 41 de 150 |
The clause this row citesNTSyCS (Enero 2026), Capítulo 3, Artículo 3-11, letra a), Página 41 de 150 — “ Operar de manera estable y permanente en el rango de frecuencia 49,0 - 51,0 [Hz], para tensiones comprendidas entre 0,95 y 1,05 por unidad de la tensión nominal, medido en los terminales de la unidad generadora en el caso de Unidades Generadoras Sincrónicas o en su Punto de Conexión al SI en el caso de Unidades Generadoras Basadas en Convertidores y Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía, a cualquier nivel de potencia. ” Translation: “ Operate stably and permanently in the frequency range 49.0 - 51.0 [Hz], for voltages between 0.95 and 1.05 per unit of nominal voltage, measured at the terminals of the generating unit in the case of Synchronous Generating Units or at its Point of Connection to the SI in the case of Converter-Based Generating Units and Energy Storage Systems, at any power level. ” (Norma Técnica de Seguridad y Calidad de Servicio, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-09) | ||
| GFL interconnection: SCR ≥ 3 and ESCR ≥ 1.5 at the connection point (Art 4-8) Continuous operating range | A grid-following IBR must verify that the short-circuit ratio at its busbar or Punto de Conexión al SI is greater than or equal to 3, and that the equivalent short-circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 1.5, using the values in force for their calculation at the date the declaración en construcción is obtained. SCR is the short-circuit level at that bus in MVA, from the Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN in force, over the nominal active power in MW of the grid-following IBR being connected; the equivalent ratio divides the same short-circuit level by that power plus an aggregate IBR-interaction factor K taken from the same study. Binds IBR GFL — grid-following converter-based installations — interconnecting to the SI, and no one else: it sits in Título 4, and a storage system in Chile is an IBR GFM by Artículo 3-12, so for storage this floor is reached only after a Coordinador-instructed change of mode. It is a condition on the CONNECTION POINT rather than on the converter, verified against the values in force at the date the declaración en construcción is obtained. Where the bus does not appear in the Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN, the SCR and K values are those of the electrically nearest bus. Transitional: Artículo 7-3 disapplies Artículo 4-8 to IBR GFL that had obtained the declaración en construcción when the resolution approving the annex was published in the Diario Oficial — with no energisation limb, unlike the storage carve-out of Artículos 7-1 and 7-2. Elisions, all marked … where they stand: the parenthetical restatement of each threshold, the printed SCR, ESCR, K and interaction-factor formulas, and the leading symbol of every variable definition are set in a maths font the PDF text layer does not round-trip. The definition PROSE does round-trip and is quoted, because the value below rests on it; not carried are the SCR index sentence that mirrors the ESCR one and the two definitions inside the K summation. | AT-IBR, Artículo 4-8 (Requisitos para la interconexión al SI), with the transitional Artículo 7-3 |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Artículo 4-8 (Requisitos para la interconexión al SI), with the transitional Artículo 7-3 — “ Las IBR GFL deberán verificar que la relación de cortocircuito (SCR del inglés Short Circuit Ratio) en la barra o Punto de Conexión al SI sea mayor o igual que 3 …, y que la relación de cortocircuito equivalente (ESCR del inglés Equivalent Short Circuit Ratio) sea mayor o igual a 1,5 …, considerando los valores vigentes para su cálculo a la fecha de obtención de la declaración en construcción. El SCR de la barra … o Punto de Conexión al SI, se deberá calcular de acuerdo con: … Donde, … …: nivel de cortocircuito en la barra … o Punto de Conexión al SI, en MVA, de acuerdo con los resultados del Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN vigente. …: Potencia activa nominal, en MW, de la IBR GFL a conectar en la barra … o Punto de Conexión al SI. A su vez, el ESCR de la barra … o Punto de Conexión al SI, se deberá calcular de acuerdo con: … Donde, …: relación de cortocircuito equivalente de la barra … o Punto de Conexión al SI. Este índice relaciona la potencia aparente de cortocircuito (…) con la potencia nominal de la IBR GFL a conectar (…) más el factor agregado de interacción IBR (…). … …: es el factor agregado de interacción IBR en la barra … o Punto de Conexión al SI, en MW, de acuerdo con los resultados del Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN vigente. Que se deberá calcular de acuerdo con: … En caso de que la barra o Punto de Conexión al SI no se encuentre en los resultados del Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN vigente, los valores de … y … corresponderán a los de la barra más cercana considerando la mínima distancia eléctrica. … [Art 7-3] Las disposiciones establecidas en el Artículo 4-8 del Anexo no serán aplicables a las IBR GFL que hubieren obtenido la declaración en construcción al momento de la publicación de la resolución que aprueba el Anexo en el Diario Oficial. ” Translation: “ IBR GFL shall verify that the short-circuit ratio (SCR, from the English Short Circuit Ratio) at the busbar or Point of Connection to the SI is greater than or equal to 3 …, and that the equivalent short-circuit ratio (ESCR, from the English Equivalent Short Circuit Ratio) is greater than or equal to 1.5 …, considering the values in force for their calculation at the date the declaration in construction is obtained. The SCR of busbar … or Point of Connection to the SI shall be calculated in accordance with: … Where, … …: short-circuit level at busbar … or Point of Connection to the SI, in MVA, in accordance with the results of the SEN Robustness Analysis Study in force. …: Nominal active power, in MW, of the IBR GFL to be connected at busbar … or Point of Connection to the SI. In turn, the ESCR of busbar … or Point of Connection to the SI shall be calculated in accordance with: … Where, …: equivalent short-circuit ratio of busbar … or Point of Connection to the SI. This index relates the apparent short-circuit power (…) to the nominal power of the IBR GFL to be connected (…) plus the aggregate IBR interaction factor (…). … …: is the aggregate IBR interaction factor at busbar … or Point of Connection to the SI, in MW, in accordance with the results of the SEN Robustness Analysis Study in force. Which shall be calculated in accordance with: … Should the busbar or Point of Connection to the SI not appear in the results of the SEN Robustness Analysis Study in force, the values of … and … shall be those of the nearest busbar considering the minimum electrical distance. … [Art 7-3] The provisions established in Artículo 4-8 of the Annex shall not be applicable to IBR GFL that had obtained the declaration in construction at the time of publication in the Diario Oficial of the resolution approving the Annex. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-17) | ||
| EMT model validation: GFM performance proved against a weak grid, GFL not (Título 5) Continuous operating range | Manufacturers validate the EMT model by any one of five methods — factory test reports on converter performance during SI events, HIL validation tests, field measurements of the installed equipment after an SI fault, laboratory tests of the equipment, or mapping the converter’s actual firmware version at installation level to the EMT model version — and the Coordinador may, with justification, define another method or test set. The GFM model must permit verification of at least the voltage controller, the fast current-injection controller, the frequency/power controller, the inertial response and the active phase-jump control, evaluated at the Punto de Conexión al SI considering a WEAK GRID; the GFL model must permit verification of at least the voltage controller in normal and fault conditions and the frequency/power controller, evaluated at the connection point with no weak-grid qualifier. Before entry into operation the Coordinador must additionally validate, for an IBR GFM, stable transition between the normal and fault voltage controllers across fault inception and clearance, stable transition between the frequency/power controller and the inertial response, operating stability at phase jumps of up to 60 degrees while determining the maximum tolerated limit, the ability to operate in an electrical island, and black-start capability where applicable. Separately, under Artículo 6-2, any modification of an IBR’s control parameters requires the Coordinador’s authorisation before it is implemented. Binds the manufacturers who validate the models and the Coordinador who accepts them, for IBR interconnected to the SI under the AT-IBR. The asymmetry between Artículo 5-5 and Artículo 5-6 is the operative fact for a specification: the same annex requires a grid-forming plant’s model to be proved at the connection point against a Red Débil and asks no such thing of a grid-following one. Artículo 5-4 is PERMISSIVE — the five methods are alternatives a manufacturer may choose between, so the firmware-to-model mapping is a grade of evidence and not a standing obligation; what makes a control change a compliance event is Artículo 6-2, which binds every IBR, GFM and GFL alike, and requires prior authorisation for any modification of the control parameters. Artículo 7-4 sets the delivery route for plant already interconnected — the Coordinador publishes a schedule within three months of publication, running no more than a year, and validates each model within forty-five working days of receipt, with generic models validated by a specialist accepted for existing installations that have no OEM EMT model. Elisions, marked … where they stand: Artículo 5-7’s opening cross-reference to Artículos 5-5 and 5-6 and its instruction that the Coordinador define a test set, and Artículo 6-2’s list of the three parameters that must at minimum be software-adjustable. Artículos 5-1 to 5-3 — the general and GFM-specific model-content specifications — are not carried at all. | AT-IBR, Título 5 “Modelos y pruebas”, Artículos 5-4, 5-5, 5-6 and 5-7, with Artículo 6-2 (Actualización de parámetros de control) and Artículo 7-4 for existing plant |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Título 5 “Modelos y pruebas”, Artículos 5-4, 5-5, 5-6 and 5-7, with Artículo 6-2 (Actualización de parámetros de control) and Artículo 7-4 for existing plant — “ [Art 5-4] Los modelos EMT deberán ser validados por los fabricantes. Para ello, podrán utilizar alguno de los siguientes métodos de validación: a) Informes de pruebas de fábrica sobre el desempeño del convertidor ante eventos del SI. b) Pruebas de validación HIL. c) Mediciones de campo del equipo instalado tras una falla en el SI. d) Mediante pruebas de laboratorio del equipo. e) Mapeo de la versión del firmware real del convertidor, a nivel de instalación, con la versión del modelo EMT. El Coordinador, justificadamente, podrá definir otro método o conjunto de pruebas de validación de los modelos EMT. [Art 5-5] El modelo EMT deberá permitir la verificación del desempeño de, al menos, las siguientes componentes de una IBR GFM: a) Controlador de Tensión. b) Controlador de inyección rápida de corriente. c) Controlador de Frecuencia/Potencia. d) Respuesta inercial. e) Control activo de salto de fase. La verificación del desempeño deberá evaluarse en el Punto de Conexión al SI, considerando una Red Débil. [Art 5-6] El modelo EMT deberá permitir la verificación del desempeño de, al menos, las siguientes componentes de una IBR GFL: a) Controlador de Tensión tanto en condiciones de operación normal como ante fallas. b) Controlador de Frecuencia/Potencia. La verificación del desempeño deberá evaluarse en el Punto de Conexión al SI. [Art 5-7] El Coordinador previo a la Entrada en Operación de la instalación deberá validar el desempeño de los modelos EMT … Adicionalmente, el Coordinador deberá validar los modelos EMT, en los siguientes aspectos en el caso de las IBR GFM: a) La transición estable entre su Controlador de Tensión en operación normal y ante falla considerando el inicio de la falla y su despeje. b) La transición estable entre el Controlador de Frecuencia/Potencia y la respuesta inercial de la instalación. c) La estabilidad operativa ante saltos de fase de hasta 60 grados, determinando el límite máximo tolerado. d) Capacidad de operar en una Isla Eléctrica y demostrar estabilidad en su operación. e) Capacidad de proporcionar Partida Autónoma, si corresponde. … [Art 6-2] Las IBR deberán contar con la capacidad de ajustar sus parámetros de control a través de software, en función de las condiciones del SI o de nuevos requerimientos normativos. … Cualquier modificación en los parámetros de control deberá contar con la autorización del Coordinador previo a su implementación y estar en concordancia con las características técnicas de la instalación. ” Translation: “ [Art 5-4] EMT models shall be validated by the manufacturers. For that purpose they may use one of the following validation methods: a) Factory test reports on the converter’s performance during SI events. b) HIL validation tests. c) Field measurements of the installed equipment after a fault on the SI. d) By laboratory tests of the equipment. e) Mapping of the converter’s actual firmware version, at installation level, to the EMT model version. The Coordinador may, with justification, define another method or set of tests for validating the EMT models. [Art 5-5] The EMT model shall permit verification of the performance of at least the following components of an IBR GFM: a) Voltage Controller. b) Fast current-injection controller. c) Frequency/Power Controller. d) Inertial response. e) Active phase-jump control. Verification of performance shall be evaluated at the Point of Connection to the SI, considering a Weak Grid. [Art 5-6] The EMT model shall permit verification of the performance of at least the following components of an IBR GFL: a) Voltage Controller both in normal operating conditions and during faults. b) Frequency/Power Controller. Verification of performance shall be evaluated at the Point of Connection to the SI. [Art 5-7] The Coordinador, prior to the installation’s Entry into Operation, shall validate the performance of the EMT models … Additionally, the Coordinador shall validate the EMT models in the following respects in the case of IBR GFM: a) Stable transition between its Voltage Controller in normal operation and during a fault, considering fault inception and clearance. b) Stable transition between the Frequency/Power Controller and the installation’s inertial response. c) Operating stability at phase jumps of up to 60 degrees, determining the maximum tolerated limit. d) Ability to operate in an Electrical Island and demonstrate stability in its operation. e) Ability to provide Black Start, where applicable. … [Art 6-2] IBR shall have the capability to adjust their control parameters through software, according to the conditions of the SI or to new regulatory requirements. … Any modification of the control parameters shall have the authorisation of the Coordinador prior to its implementation and shall be consistent with the technical characteristics of the installation. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-17) | ||
| GFL phase jump: stable operation to 25° positive sequence (Art 4-1 d) Continuous operating range | A grid-following IBR must continue operating stably, connected to the SEN, for phase-angle changes of up to 25 degrees in the positive sequence of the voltage at the Punto de Conexión al SI, and must also continue operating stably for any phase-angle change of the individual phases provided the positive-sequence angle variation does not exceed those same 25 degrees. Chile’s grid-forming design minimum for the same quantity is not less than 30 degrees, ridden without the current-limiting functions activating (Art 3-8 b). Binds IBR GFL under Título 4 of the AT-IBR. It is a stability-and-stay-connected duty on the angle only: unlike the grid-forming rule of Artículo 3-8, it says nothing about whether the current limiter may act, so the two articles are comparable on the ANGLE and not on the limiter condition. Existing grid-following plant and plant with a declaración en construcción are brought to Artículo 4-1 through Artículo 7-5, which gives owners nine months to file a plan of software or hardware adaptations with the Coordinador. | AT-IBR, Artículo 4-1 (Exigencias Generales para IBR GFL) letter d), with Artículo 7-5 |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Artículo 4-1 (Exigencias Generales para IBR GFL) letter d), with Artículo 7-5 — “ Ante Cambios de Ángulo de Fase de hasta 25 grados de la secuencia positiva de la tensión en el Punto de Conexión al SI, la instalación deberá continuar operando de forma estable conectada al SEN. Adicionalmente, la instalación deberá continuar operando de forma estable conectada al SI ante cualquier Cambio de Ángulo de Fase de las fases individuales de la tensión en el Punto de Conexión al SI, esto, siempre que la variación del ángulo de la componente de secuencia positiva no exceda los 25 grados señalados en el inciso anterior. ” Translation: “ For Phase Angle Changes of up to 25 degrees in the positive sequence of the voltage at the Point of Connection to the SI, the installation shall continue operating stably connected to the SEN. Additionally, the installation shall continue operating stably connected to the SI for any Phase Angle Change of the individual phases of the voltage at the Point of Connection to the SI, provided that the variation of the angle of the positive-sequence component does not exceed the 25 degrees indicated in the preceding paragraph. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-17) | ||
| Active-power load pick-up rate limiter — IBR GFL (AT-IBR) Ramp rate | Load pick-up rate (tasa de toma de carga) must not exceed a setting adjustable between 0 and 20% of the installation’s nominal power per minute, at start-up and during normal operation Binds grid-following IBR (IBR GFL) as a required control function under the AT-IBR annex. The 0–20%-per-minute envelope carries over from the earlier NTSyCS Artículo 3-17 wind/PV-park rule, re-scoped in the Enero 2026 texts to the IBR GFL class; the Coordinador determines the specific setting each installation implements, per the article’s closing provision and NTSyCS Artículo 3-5. | AT-IBR, Artículo 4-7 (closing paragraph) |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Artículo 4-7 (closing paragraph) — “ Las IBR GFL deberán contar también con funciones de control que aseguren que la tasa de toma de carga no supere un valor ajustable entre 0 a 20% de la potencia nominal de la instalación por minuto, en su arranque y durante su operación normal. ” Translation: “ IBR GFL shall also have control functions that ensure the loading rate does not exceed a value adjustable between 0 and 20% of the installation’s nominal power per minute, at start-up and during normal operation. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-10) | ||
| RoCoF ride-through RoCoF withstand | Withstand frequency changes of up to 2 Hz/s without disconnecting from the SI; RoCoF measured over a 500 ms window Binds generating units and energy-storage systems interconnected to the SI, as a capability required for the application of the Artículo 3-10 frequency-range table; the Enero 2026 edition names storage expressly — the chapeau binds "las unidades generadoras y Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía", so the duty applies to BESS directly. | Artículo 3-11, letra c) |
The clause this row citesArtículo 3-11, letra c) — “ c) Soportar cambios de frecuencia de hasta 2 [Hz/s] sin desconectarse del SI. Para ello, la tasa de cambio de la frecuencia deberá ser medida durante un período de tiempo de 500 [ms]. ” Translation: “ c) Withstand frequency changes of up to 2 [Hz/s] without disconnecting from the Interconnected System. For this purpose, the rate of change of frequency shall be measured over a time period of 500 [ms]. ” (Norma Técnica de Seguridad y Calidad de Servicio, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-10) | ||
| GFL fault reactive-current injection, k = 2 Fault-current injection | IBR GFL under fault: additional reactive current ΔIr equal to 2% of nominal current (Inom) per 1% of ΔU/Unom at the Punto de Conexión (ΔIr/Inom = 2·ΔU/Unom, i.e. k-factor = 2), with reactive-current priority; positive-sequence apparent current injection up to 100% of Inom, held until voltage returns to the Voltage Controller's Banda de Operación Normal; after recovery, active power must re-enter a ±10% settling band around its pre-event value within 1 s, subject to energy-resource availability ("considerando la disponibilidad del recurso energético") Binds Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores operating as grid-following (IBR GFL) that are interconnected or to be interconnected to the transmission system of the SEN (AT-IBR Artículo 1-2 Alcance). ΔIr and ΔU are measured against pre-fault values (ΔIr = Ir − Ir0, ΔU = U − U0); the hold condition is measured on the higher-voltage side of the Punto de Conexión. The Coordinador may justifiedly order a different current priority (active over reactive or vice versa) per Artículo 4-6, set as a controller parameter change, not during a fault. Storage applicability is conditional, not default. AT-IBR Art 3-12 requires every Sistema de Almacenamiento de Energía, and the storage component of a CRCA, that interconnects to the SEN to be an IBR GFM (grid-forming) ('Todo Sistema de Almacenamiento de Energía o componente de almacenamiento de una CRCA que se interconecten al SEN deberá cumplir con ser una IBR GFM'), so a BESS falls under Título 3 (Art 3-5) by default. This Art 4-5 k = 2 characteristic reaches a BESS where the Coordinador has instructed a change of operating mode from IBR GFM to IBR GFL under Art 3-12, on the basis of the Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN. That instruction is not the only route out of Título 3: the annex's transitional articles disapply the GFM requirements of Títulos 3, 5 and 6 to installations entering operation within six months of Diario Oficial publication and to installations declared in construction before it (Art. 7-1), while storage declared in construction before publication but entering operation after those six months must comply, with the owner able to request a justified exemption from the Comisión (Art. 7-2). The recovery-hold condition and the ±10%/1 s active-power recovery requirement are cited from the same Artículo 4-5 but are not carried in the quoted text. | AT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 4, Artículo 4-5 'Operación de la IBR GFL ante fallas', page 18 de 30 + AT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 4, Artículo 4-5, the paragraph immediately following the ΔIr/Inom equation and its definitions, page 18 de 30 |
The clauses this row citesAT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 4, Artículo 4-5 'Operación de la IBR GFL ante fallas', page 18 de 30 — “ En condiciones de operación ante fallas, la instalación deberá priorizar la inyección de corriente reactiva. En dicho modo, la instalación deberá suministrar corriente reactiva adicional (ΔIr) equivalente al 2% de la corriente nominal (Inom) por cada 1% de ΔU/Unom en el Punto de Conexión. ” Translation: “ In fault operating conditions, the installation shall prioritise the injection of reactive current. In that mode, the installation shall supply additional reactive current (ΔIr) equivalent to 2% of the nominal current (Inom) for each 1% of ΔU/Unom at the Point of Connection. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-09) AT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 4, Artículo 4-5, the paragraph immediately following the ΔIr/Inom equation and its definitions, page 18 de 30 — “ La IBR GFL que se encuentre en condiciones de operación ante falla, deberá inyectar una corriente aparente de secuencia positiva de hasta el 100% de la Inom. ” Translation: “ The IBR GFL that is in fault operating conditions shall inject a positive-sequence apparent current of up to 100% of the Inom. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-09) | ||
| GFM fast current injection: <10 ms reaction, negative sequence Fault-current injection | IBR GFM under fault: instantaneous short-circuit current response with reaction time ('Tiempo de Reacción') under 10 ms and settling time ('Tiempo de Establecimiento') under 20 ms, opposing the voltage variation at the converter terminals; reactive current must exceed its pre-contingency level (no exceptions) while active current is held at its highest possible value; asymmetrical faults require asymmetrical currents including negative-sequence components Grid-forming is the default rule for Chilean storage: AT-IBR Art 3-12 requires every Sistema de Almacenamiento de Energía interconnecting to the SEN to be an IBR GFM, so Título 3 governs a BESS unless the Coordinador instructs a GFM→GFL (grid-following) mode change. Binds Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores operating as grid-forming (IBR GFM) interconnected to the SEN transmission system (AT-IBR Artículo 1-2). Storage applicability: explicit for GFM duty — Título 3 includes Artículo 3-12 'Exigencias a la interconexión de los Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía', and BESS are converter-based installations within the annex's scope. Negative-sequence injection (letra c) aims to keep voltage balanced at the Punto de Conexión al SI; injection must continue throughout the Régimen Transitorio, with a reactive overcurrent margin per Artículo 3-1 letra d), always within the installation's technical limits. The exception is not the only route out of Título 3: the annex's own transitional articles disapply the GFM requirements of Títulos 3, 5 and 6 to installations entering operation within six months of Diario Oficial publication and to installations declared in construction before it (Art. 7-1), while storage declared in construction before publication but entering operation after those six months must comply, with the owner able to request a justified exemption from the Comisión (Art. 7-2). The reversal is bounded in the same article, and the bound is the interesting half: “A partir de los resultados del Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN, el Coordinador podrá instruir el cambio del modo de operación entre IBR GFM e IBR GFL, según corresponda, estableciendo para ello un plazo de implementación. Dicha modificación se limitará exclusivamente a ajustes de software y adecuaciones en los sistemas de comunicaciones, cuando estas sean necesarias.” — “On the basis of the results of the SEN Robustness Analysis Study, the Coordinador may instruct the change of operating mode between IBR GFM and IBR GFL, as appropriate, setting an implementation deadline for it. That modification shall be limited exclusively to software adjustments and adaptations to the communications systems, where these are necessary.” So the annex both reserves the mode change to the operator and legislates that complying with it costs software rather than hardware. The Artículo 3-1 letra d) reactive overcurrent margin is cited but not carried in the quoted text. | AT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 3, Artículo 3-5 'Control de inyección rápida de corriente', letra a), page 10 de 30 + AT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 3, Artículo 3-5, letra b), pages 10–11 de 30 |
The clauses this row citesAT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 3, Artículo 3-5 'Control de inyección rápida de corriente', letra a), page 10 de 30 — “ Deberá poseer una respuesta instantánea, de modo que la energía inyectada contribuya a la recuperación de la tensión del SI. La corriente inyectada deberá oponerse a la variación de tensión medida en los terminales del convertidor. Para estos efectos, se considera como respuesta instantánea aquella que posee un Tiempo de Reacción inferior a 10 milisegundos y un Tiempo de Establecimiento inferior a 20 milisegundos. ” Translation: “ It shall have an instantaneous response, such that the injected energy contributes to the recovery of the SI voltage. The injected current shall oppose the voltage variation measured at the terminals of the converter. For these purposes, an instantaneous response is considered to be one that has a Reaction Time of less than 10 milliseconds and a Settling Time of less than 20 milliseconds. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-09) AT-IBR (Enero 2026), Título 3, Artículo 3-5, letra b), pages 10–11 de 30 — “ Sin excepción, toda IBR GFM deberá inyectar una corriente reactiva superior a la que suministraba previo a la contingencia. Asimismo, durante la inyección rápida de corriente reactiva, la corriente activa deberá mantenerse en su mayor valor posible, siempre que no exceda los estándares de seguridad de la instalación. … Ante fallas asimétricas, la IBR GFM deberá inyectar corrientes asimétricas, incluyendo componentes de secuencia negativa, con el fin de propender a mantener una tensión balanceada en el Punto de Conexión al SI. ” Translation: “ Without exception, every IBR GFM shall inject a reactive current higher than the one it was supplying prior to the contingency. Likewise, during the fast injection of reactive current, the active current shall be maintained at its highest possible value, provided it does not exceed the installation's safety standards. … In the event of asymmetrical faults, the IBR GFM shall inject asymmetrical currents, including negative-sequence components, in order to tend to maintain a balanced voltage at the Point of Connection to the SI. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-09) | ||
| GFM declared data before operation: overcurrent, peak current, short-circuit and negative-sequence contribution (Art 7-6) Fault-current injection | Every IBR GFM under Título 3 must give the Coordinador, before entering operation, at least: an impedance-versus-frequency diagram, a Nichols diagram, the control architecture and its Laplace block diagram, the EMT model documentation, the phase-jump limits in normal state and during contingencies, the power delivered for a 10-degree phase jump in MW, the active damping power for a system frequency variation or oscillation between 0.05 Hz and 1 Hz, the inertia constant H in MWs/MVA (installed MWs of inertial response over installed nominal MVA) and an effective inertia constant in the same units, derived from the power delivered or absorbed in response to a 2 Hz/s rate of change of frequency, the overcurrent capability and the peak nominal current in per unit, the nominal voltage at the connection point in kV, the maximum three-phase and single-phase short-circuit contribution and the maximum negative-sequence current at the Punto de Conexión al SI in kA, and an equivalent damping factor. Binds every installation covered by Título 3 of the AT-IBR — which, under Artículo 3-12, is every energy-storage system interconnecting to the SEN — and their owners, lessees, usufructuaries or operators. Transitional in form and open-ended in effect: Artículo 7-6 applies while the NTSyCS annex ‘Información Técnica de Instalaciones y Equipamiento’ does not yet set out the technical records required of IBR GFM, and the Coordinador must specify the calculation method for the effective inertia constant in the standing Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN. Letters e) to h), n) and o) of the article are not carried in the quoted text; letters j) and k) are carried by their headings and variable definitions only, because the printed formulas for the inertia constant and the effective inertia constant — and the maths-font symbol the annex uses for the latter and for its RoCoF-response term — are set in a font the PDF text layer does not round-trip, and are marked … where they stand. | AT-IBR, Artículo 7-6 (Requisitos de Información adicional para una IBR GFM) |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Artículo 7-6 (Requisitos de Información adicional para una IBR GFM) — “ Mientras el Anexo Técnico “Información Técnica de Instalaciones y Equipamiento” de la NTSyCS no incorpore expresamente los antecedentes técnicos exigibles a las IBR GFM, los propietarios, arrendatarios, usufructuarios o quienes operen, a cualquier título, las instalaciones indicadas en el Título 3, deberán proporcionar al Coordinador, previo a su entrada en operación, al menos, la siguiente información: a) Diagrama de impedancia en función de la frecuencia. b) Diagrama de Nichols. c) Esquema de arquitectura y su diagrama de bloques en Laplace. d) Documentación técnica asociada al modelo EMT. … i) Potencia de Amortiguamiento Activa para una variación u oscilación de frecuencia del sistema entre 0,05 [Hz] y 1 [Hz]. j) Constante de inercia H, determinado mediante: … Donde, H: constante de inercia, en [MWs/MVA]. MWs Instalados: capacidad de respuesta inercial de la instalación, en [MWs]. MVA Nominales instalados: capacidad total de la IBR, en [MVA]. k) Constante de inercia efectiva …, determinado mediante: … Donde, …: constante de inercia efectiva en [MWs/MVA]. …: potencia entregada o absorbida en respuesta a la Tasa de Cambio de Frecuencia de la instalación igual a 2, en [Hz/s]. f: frecuencia del SEN, en [Hz]. S: capacidad nominal de la instalación, en [MVA]. Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, el Coordinador deberá especificar la metodología de cálculo en el Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN vigente. l) Capacidad de sobrecorriente de la instalación, en por unidad. m) Peak de corriente nominal, en por unidad. … p) Máximo aporte de cortocircuito trifásico al Punto de Conexión al SI, en [kA]. q) Máximo aporte de cortocircuito monofásico al Punto de Conexión al SI, en [kA]. r) Máximo aporte de corriente de secuencia negativa, en [kA]. s) Factor Equivalente de Amortiguamiento (z). ” Translation: “ While the NTSyCS Technical Annex “Technical Information of Installations and Equipment” does not expressly incorporate the technical records required of IBR GFM, the owners, lessees, usufructuaries or those who operate, under any title, the installations indicated in Título 3 shall provide the Coordinador, prior to their entry into operation, with at least the following information: a) Impedance diagram as a function of frequency. b) Nichols diagram. c) Architecture scheme and its block diagram in Laplace form. d) Technical documentation associated with the EMT model. … i) Active Damping Power for a system frequency variation or oscillation between 0.05 [Hz] and 1 [Hz]. j) Inertia constant H, determined by: … Where, H: inertia constant, in [MWs/MVA]. Installed MWs: the installation’s inertial response capability, in [MWs]. Installed nominal MVA: total capacity of the IBR, in [MVA]. k) Effective inertia constant …, determined by: … Where, …: effective inertia constant in [MWs/MVA]. …: power delivered or absorbed in response to a Rate of Change of Frequency of the installation equal to 2, in [Hz/s]. f: frequency of the SEN, in [Hz]. S: nominal capacity of the installation, in [MVA]. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Coordinador shall specify the calculation methodology in the Estudio de Análisis de Robustez del SEN in force. l) Overcurrent capability of the installation, in per unit. m) Peak nominal current, in per unit. … p) Maximum three-phase short-circuit contribution at the Point of Connection to the SI, in [kA]. q) Maximum single-phase short-circuit contribution at the Point of Connection to the SI, in [kA]. r) Maximum negative-sequence current contribution, in [kA]. s) Equivalent Damping Factor (z). ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-16) | ||
| GFM phase jump: ≥30° ridden with the current limiter OFF, stable operation with it ON (Art 3-8) Fault-current injection | The maximum phase-jump angle must allow a linear, controlled response without activating the current-limiting functions, referenced to an operating angle near 0 degrees, and may not be less than 30 degrees; in the transient regime the installation must continue operating stably with the current-limiting functions activated. The design margin behind it is stated: at least 1.3 per unit of the installation’s rated current for 5 seconds without compromising its integrity (Art 3-1 d), with a reactive-overcurrent margin (Art 3-5 e) and an active-overcurrent margin (Art 3-7 c) held against that same capacity. Binds every IBR GFM under Título 3 of the AT-IBR, which under Artículo 3-12 is every energy-storage installation interconnecting to the SEN. This is Chile’s current-limit rule and it is written as two thresholds rather than as a prohibition: below a 30-degree phase jump the limiter must not act at all, and above it the plant must stay stable while the limiter acts. Artículo 3-8 closes by requiring the technical characteristics of the phase-jump control to be declared under Artículo 7-6. | AT-IBR, Artículo 3-8 (Control activo de salto de fase) letters b) and c), with Artículo 3-1 d) and the margins in Artículos 3-5 e) and 3-7 c) |
The clause this row citesAT-IBR, Artículo 3-8 (Control activo de salto de fase) letters b) and c), with Artículo 3-1 d) and the margins in Artículos 3-5 e) and 3-7 c) — “ b) El ángulo máximo de salto de fase deberá permitir una respuesta lineal y controlada, sin activar las funciones de limitación de corriente, considerando un ángulo de referencia cercano a 0 grados, el cual será el punto de operación normal en Régimen Permanente. El ángulo máximo de salto de fase no podrá ser inferior a 30 grados. c) En Régimen Transitorio la instalación deberá continuar operando de manera estable con las funciones de limitación de corriente activadas. … [Art 3-1] d) Por diseño, deberá poseer una capacidad de sobrecorriente de, al menos, 1,3 por unidad de la corriente nominal de la instalación por 5 segundos, sin comprometer la integridad de la instalación. … [Art 3-5] e) La instalación deberá contar con un margen de sobrecorriente reactiva considerando la capacidad señalada en el literal d) del Artículo 3-1 del Anexo. … [Art 3-7] c) La instalación deberá contar con un margen de sobrecorriente activa considerando la capacidad señalada en el literal d) del Artículo 3-1 del Anexo. ” Translation: “ b) The maximum phase-jump angle shall permit a linear and controlled response, without activating the current-limiting functions, considering a reference angle close to 0 degrees, which shall be the normal operating point in the steady state. The maximum phase-jump angle may not be less than 30 degrees. c) In the transient regime the installation shall continue operating stably with the current-limiting functions activated. … [Art 3-1] d) By design, it shall possess an overcurrent capability of at least 1.3 per unit of the installation’s rated current for 5 seconds, without compromising the integrity of the installation. … [Art 3-5] e) The installation shall have a reactive-overcurrent margin taking into account the capability indicated in letter d) of Artículo 3-1 of the Annex. … [Art 3-7] c) The installation shall have an active-overcurrent margin taking into account the capability indicated in letter d) of Artículo 3-1 of the Annex. ” (Anexo Técnico de Exigencias Mínimas de Instalaciones Basadas en Convertidores, Enero 2026, accessed 2026-08-16) | ||
Who does Chile (NTSyCS) bind, and since when?
Converter-based plants (GFM + GFL) connecting to the SEN. No date of effect is published here — grid codes are reissued, so check the current issue before relying on it.
These figures are a reading aid, not legal advice. Grid codes are reissued: verify against the current edition before you design to them.
Curve data last checked against the code on — 66 standards, 130 envelopes, published by bess.engineer under CC BY 4.0.
Questions this page answers about Chile (NTSyCS)
- Does Chile (NTSyCS) require ride-through, or only that the plant does not trip?
- Ride-through. Every envelope on this page is a performance duty the plant must meet, not a protection-setting no-trip boundary — they are different obligations. That is what these curves are; they are not everything Chile (NTSyCS) contains. The requirement sentence under each chart says which side of the curve is the compliant one.
- Are the numbers on this page taken from Chile (NTSyCS) itself?
- Yes. Every breakpoint is read from the code, and each envelope carries the clause it came from, quoted in full under its chart — so you can check the figure against the standard rather than cite it from this page.
- Which events are charted for Chile (NTSyCS)?
- Chile (NTSyCS) is charted here with 2 envelopes — low-voltage ride-through, high-voltage ride-through (LVRT, HVRT). No frequency envelope is charted here — check Chile (NTSyCS) itself before concluding it sets none.
Ride-through, in context.
An envelope is a compliance boundary; understanding why it exists is a different question. The ride-through and grid-forming entries cover the engineering, and the Engineering Foundations course builds it from the physics up.
Elsewhere in South America: Argentina (CAMMESA PT-4 Anexo I, Fig. Ai.1), Argentina (CAMMESA PT-4), Brazil (ONS Submódulo 2.10), Colombia (CREG 060/2019, red de 500 kV), Colombia (CREG 060/2019), Ecuador (ARCONEL-001/24 Código de Conexión), and 2 more